Does disconfirmatory evidence shape safety-and danger-related beliefs of trauma-exposed individuals?

Recent accounts of predictive processing in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that trauma-exposed individuals struggle to update trauma-related hypotheses predicting danger, which may be involved in the etiology and maintenance of this disorder. Initial research supports this account, documenting an association between trauma-exposure, impaired expectation updating, and PTSD symptoms. Yet, no study to date has examined biased belief updating in PTSD using a scenario-based approach.Objective: Here, we examined the predictive processing account among trauma-exposed and non-trauma-exposed individuals using a modified Trauma-Related version of the Bias Against Disconfirmatory Evidence task.Method: The task presents both danger-and safety-related scenarios highly relevant for trauma-exposed individuals. For each scenario, participants viewed several explanations and rated their plausibility. Their ability to update their initial interpretation following new-contradictory information was assessed.Results: Preregistered analyses did not reveal any significant findings. Based on indications that our sample may not have been sufficiently powered, we conducted exploratory analyses in an extended sample of participants. These analyses yielded a significant association between reduced belief updating and PTSD symptoms which was evident for disconfirming both safety and danger scenarios. However, the effect sizes we found were in the small-to-medium range.Conclusion: Although preliminary, our current findings support initial evidence that individuals with higher PTSD symptoms show a higher resistance to update their beliefs upon new disconfirmatory evidence. Our results should be interpreted cautiously in light of the extended sample and the limitations of the current study.

We developed a modified version of the Bias Against Disconfirmatory Evidence task.We found significant associations between PTSD symptoms and belief updating.The association was evident for disconfirming both safety and danger scenarios.

Creencias sobre prácticas de alimentación y obesidad de madres con hijos menores de 5 años del noroeste de México / Crenças sobre práticas de alimentação e obesidade entre mães com filhos menores de 5 anos de idade no noroeste do México / Beliefs about feeding practices and obesity among mothers with children under 5 years of age in northwestern Mexico

Introducción: Existe una tendencia mundial de incrementoen los índices de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños menoresde 5 años. Las creencias, percepciones y actitudes de lasmadres hacia las prácticas de alimentación y la obesidadtienen implicaciones directas sobre la salud del hijo.Objetivo: Explorar creencias sobre prácticas de alimentacióny obesidad infantil entre madres con hijos menores de cincoaños del noroeste de México.Metodología: Estudio cualitativo de aproximación etnográfica.Mediante un muestreo propositivo se realizaron nueve entrevistassemiestructuradas a mujeres que contaban con un promediode 12 años de educación.Resultados: Las creencias incluyeron inseguridad para asumirel rol de madre, una baja percepción de apoyo familiar ycreencias que no se alineaban con las recomendaciones dela lactancia materna exclusiva e introducción de alimentoscomplementarios. Además, estas tenían la creencia de que laobesidad no es un problema debido a la corta edad de sus hijos.Conclusiones: Existe una ambivalencia entre las creencias delas participantes y sus prácticas con relación a la alimentacióny la obesidad infantil. Es imperativo desarrollar estrategiasde educación y comunicación que proporcionen informaciónbasada en evidencia, de fácil acceso y disponible para madrescon la intención de prevenir problemas de nutrición durantela primera infancia.(AU)

Introduction: There is a worldwide trend of increasingrates of overweight and obesity in children under5 years of age. Mothers' beliefs, perceptions, andattitudes towards feeding practices and obesity havedirect implications on their children's health.Aim: To explore beliefs about feeding practices andchildhood obesity among mothers with children underfive years of age in northwestern Mexico.Methodology: Qualitative study with ethnographicapproach. Using purposive sampling, nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with womenwith an average of 12 years of education.Results: Beliefs included insecurity in assuming therole of mother, a low perception of family support, andbeliefs that were not aligned with the recommendations ofexclusive breastfeeding and introduction of complementary foods. In addition, these held the belief that obesity isnot a problem due to the young age of their children.Conclusions: There is ambivalence between theparticipants' beliefs and their practices regarding feedingand childhood obesity. It is imperative to developeducation and communication strategies that provideevidence-based information that is easily accessibleand available to mothers to prevent nutrition problemsduring early childhood.(AU)

Introdução: Há uma tendência mundial de aumentodas taxas de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças commenos de 5 anos de idade. As crenças, percepções eatitudes das mães com relação às práticas alimentares eà obesidade têm implicações diretas na saúde infantil.Objetivo: explorar as crenças sobre práticas de alimentaçãoe obesidade infantil entre mães de crianças com menosde cinco anos de idade no noroeste do México.Metodologia: estudo qualitativo com uma abordagemetnográfica. Usando amostragem intencional, foramrealizadas nove entrevistas semiestruturadas commulheres com uma média de 12 anos de escolaridade.Resultados: As crenças incluíam insegurança em assumiro papel de mãe, baixa percepção de apoio familiar ecrenças que não se alinhavam com as recomendaçõesde amamentação exclusiva e introdução de alimentoscomplementares. Além disso, elas acreditavam quea obesidade não era um problema devido à poucaidade de seus filhos.Conclusões: Há uma ambivalência entre as crenças epráticas dos participantes com relação à alimentaçãoe à obesidade infantil. É imperativo desenvolverestratégias de educação e comunicação que forneçaminformações baseadas em evidências, facilmenteacessíveis e disponíveis para as mães, a fim de evitarproblemas de nutrição na primeira infância.(AU)

A meta-analysis of the effect of visiting zoos and aquariums on visitors' conservation knowledge, beliefs, and behavior.

Zoos and aquariums are well placed to connect visitors with the issues facing biodiversity globally and many deliver interventions that seek to influence visitors' beliefs and behaviors with respect to conservation. However, despite primary studies evaluating the effect of such interventions, the overall effect of engaging with zoos and the factors that influence this effect remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the effect of zoo-led interventions on knowledge, beliefs (attitudes, intentions, self-efficacy, and social norms), and behavior among zoo visitors. These outcomes were identified using the Theory of Planned Behavior as a theoretical lens. We identified and described the nature of zoo-led interventions in 56 studies and used the behavior change technique (BCT) taxonomy to identify 6 specific BCTs used in interventions to date. Multilevel meta-analyses revealed a small to medium positive effect of engaging with zoo-led interventions on outcomes (d+  = 0.40, 95% confidence interval = 0.28-0.51). Specifically, visitors were more knowledgeable about conservation issues, held more favorable attitudes toward conservation, and reported being more likely to act for the benefit of biodiversity. No evidence of publication bias was present. Effect sizes were, however, heterogeneous and subgroup analyses revealed that the nature of the intervention or type of outcome did not explain this variance. Larger effects were, however, found in studies conducted at a single institution relative to research at multiple institutions and studies that used within-participant designs relative to between-participant designs. Taken together, these findings demonstrate how behavior change frameworks can be used to describe zoo-led interventions and supports the assertion that zoos and aquariums can promote changes in beliefs and behaviors that may help protect biodiversity.

Metaanálisis del efecto de la visita a acuarios y zoológicos sobre el conocimiento, creencias y comportamientos de conservación de los visitantes © 2024 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Resumen Los zoológicos y los acuarios están bien posicionados para conectar a los visitantes con temas mundiales de biodiversidad y varios cuentan con intervenciones que buscan influir las creencias y el comportamiento de los visitantes con respecto a la conservación. Sin embargo, con todo y los estudios primarios que evalúan el efecto de dichas intervenciones, aún no está claro el efecto general de participar en los zoológicos y los factores que influyen sobre este efecto. Realizamos una revisión sistemática para investigar el efecto de las intervenciones en los zoológicos sobre el conocimiento, creencias (actitud, intención, autosuficiencia y normas sociales) y comportamiento de sus visitantes. Usamos la teoría del comportamiento planeado como lente teórico para identificar los resultados. Identificamos y describimos la naturaleza de las intervenciones en los zoológicos en 56 estudios y usamos la taxonomía de las técnicas de modificación de conducta (TMC) para identificar seis TMC específicas que se usan hoy en día en dichas intervenciones. Los metaanálisis multinivel revelaron un efecto positivo de pequeño a mediano sobre los resultados causado por la participación en las intervenciones de los zoológicos (d+ = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.28 - 0.51). En específico, los visitantes fueron más conocedores sobre los temas de conservación, tuvieron actitudes más favorables hacia la conservación y reportaron tener mayor probabilidad de actuar en beneficio de la biodiversidad. No hubo evidencias de sesgos en las publicaciones. Sin embargo, el tamaño de los efectos fue heterogéneo y el análisis de los subgrupos reveló que la naturaleza de la intervención o el tipo de resultados no explicaban esta varianza. A pesar de esto, encontramos efectos más grandes en los estudios realizados en una sola institución en relación con la investigación realizada en varias instituciones y los estudios que usaron diseños intraparticipantes en relación a los que usaron diseños interparticipantes. Nuestra revisión demuestra cómo los marcos de modificación conductual pueden usarse para describir las intervenciones en los zoológicos y acuarios y respalda la aseveración de que estas instituciones pueden promover cambios en las creencias y el comportamiento que pueden ayudar a proteger la biodiversidad.

Academic Procrastination of Spanish Pre-service Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic / La procrastinación académica de los estudiantes españoles de formación inicial del profesorado durante la pandemia de COVID-19

The present study seeks to ascertain whether the academic procrastination of university pre-service teachers varied during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared to data collected from another sample (n = 794) taken before the pandemic, and the reasons that might explain this. 910 pre-service teachers responded to the PASS scale, Academic Procrastination Scale, Unintentional Procrastination Scale, Active Procrastination Scale, and the New General Self-Efficacy Scale during the pandemic. The results reflect greater procrastination than for the pre-pandemic sample; 37.8% felt that their procrastination had increased due to the pandemic, which was more evident amongst women, whereas 8.7% reported having procrastinated less, displaying the highest level of self-efficacy. In both instances, the most commonly alleged reasons were greater time management, together with changes they were forced to make in their study habits. We discuss the implications that might need to be considered when planning and organizing teaching, should a similar situation occur again. (AU)

El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer si la procrastinación académica de los estudiantes universitarios de formación del profesorado varió durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en comparación con datos recogidos de otra muestra (n = 794) antes de la pandemia y los motivos que lo justifican. Han participado 910 estudiantes, que respondieron a la escala PASS, la Escala de Procrastinación Académica, la Escala de Procrastinación Involuntaria, la Escala de Procrastinación Activa y la Nueva Escala de Autoeficacia General durante la pandemia. Los resultados indican una mayor procrastinación que la muestra prepandemia. Un 37.8% cree haber aumentado su procrastinación por la pandemia, sobre todo las mujeres, mientras el 8.7% afirman procrastinar menos, siendo los que mayor autoeficacia tienen. En ambos casos, los motivos más frecuentes han sido el disponer de más tiempo, junto a cambios en sus hábitos de estudio. Se comentan las implicaciones para la organización docente en caso de repetirse una situación similar. (AU)

Influence of social support and stressful life events on adherence to colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood test in Spanish medium risk population / Influencia del apoyo social y los acontecimentos vitales estresantes en el cribado de cáncer colorrectal con sangre oculta en heces en población española de riesgo medio

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Five-year survival rate in Spain is 57%. The most important prognostic factor is the stage of the tumor at the diagnosis. CRC can be early diagnosed, but the adherence to screening programs is low (<50%). This study aims to ascertain the influence of social support and stressful life events on the adherence to the population screening of CRC with fecal occult blood test in Spanish average risk population. Methods Multicenter case–control study. We conducted a simple random sampling among individuals invited to participate in the colorectal cancer screening program. We analyzed epidemiological and social variables associated with lifestyle and behavioral factors. We performed a descriptive and a bivariant analyses and a logistic regression analysis. Results Four hundred and eight patients (237 cases and 171 controls) were included. Multivariant analyses showed independent association between higher adherence to the screening program and older age (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01–1.10), stable partner (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.08–2.89) and wide social network (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.07–2.66). Otherwise, lower adherence was associated to perceiving barriers to participate in the program (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88–0.96). We find a statistically significant association between lower adherence and high impact stressful life events in the bivariant analyses, and the tendency was maintained (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.37–1.08) in the multivariant. Conclusion Social variables decisively influence the adherence to colorectal cancer screening. The implementation of social interventions that improve social support, reduce impact of stressful life events and the design of screening programs that decrease the perceived barriers, will contribute to increase the participation on these programs. Secondary, the colorectal cancer diagnosis will be made in early-stages with the consequent mortality reduction (AU)

Introducción El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en el mundo. La tasa de supervivencia a cinco años en España es de 57%. El factor pronóstico más importante es el estadio del tumor en el momento del diagnóstico. El CCR se puede diagnosticar precozmente, pero la adherencia a los programas de cribado es baja (< 50%). Este estudio pretende conocer la influencia del apoyo social y los acontecimientos vitales estresantes en la adherencia al cribado poblacional de CCR con sangre oculta en heces en población española de riesgo medio. Métodos Estudio multicéntrico de casos y controles. Realizamos un muestreo aleatorio simple entre los individuos invitados a participar en un programa de cribado de CCR. Analizamos variables epidemiológicas y sociales asociadas al estilo de vida y factores conductuales. Realizamos un análisis descriptivo, un análisis bivariante y una regresión logística. Resultados Se incluyeron 408 pacientes (237 casos y 171 controles). El análisis multivariante demostró una asociación independiente entre una mayor adherencia al programa de cribado y mayor edad (OR: 1,06; IC 95%: 1,01-1,10), tener pareja estable (OR: 1,77, IC 95%: 1,08-2,89) y disponer de una amplia red social (OR: 1,68; IC 95%: 1,07-2,66). Por el contrario, la menor adherencia se asoció a la percepción de barreras para participar en el cribado (OR: 0,92; IC 95%: 0,88-0,96). Encontramos una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre menor adherencia y acontecimientos vitales estresantes de alto impacto en el análisis bivariante. La tendencia se mantuvo (OR: 0,63, IC 95%: 0,37-1,08) en el análisis multivariante (AU)

Influence of social support and stressful life events on adherence to colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood test in Spanish medium risk population.

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Five-year survival rate in Spain is 57%. The most important prognostic factor is the stage of the tumor at the diagnosis. CRC can be early diagnosed, but the adherence to screening programs is low (<50%). This study aims to ascertain the influence of social support and stressful life events on the adherence to the population screening of CRC with fecal occult blood test in Spanish average risk population. METHODS: Multicenter case-control study. We conducted a simple random sampling among individuals invited to participate in the colorectal cancer screening program. We analyzed epidemiological and social variables associated with lifestyle and behavioral factors. We performed a descriptive and a bivariant analyses and a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Four hundred and eight patients (237 cases and 171 controls) were included. Multivariant analyses showed independent association between higher adherence to the screening program and older age (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.10), stable partner (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.08-2.89) and wide social network (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.07-2.66). Otherwise, lower adherence was associated to perceiving barriers to participate in the program (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88-0.96). We find a statistically significant association between lower adherence and high impact stressful life events in the bivariant analyses, and the tendency was maintained (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.37-1.08) in the multivariant. CONCLUSION: Social variables decisively influence the adherence to colorectal cancer screening. The implementation of social interventions that improve social support, reduce impact of stressful life events and the design of screening programs that decrease the perceived barriers, will contribute to increase the participation on these programs. Secondary, the colorectal cancer diagnosis will be made in early-stages with the consequent mortality reduction.

¿Dios mío, por qué me has abandonado? Estrés, ansiedad, depresión y afrontamiento religioso en los estudiantes de Medicina / God, why have you forsaken me? Stress, anxiety, depression and religious-coping in medical students

Antecedentes: los estudiantes de Medicina presentan niveles elevados de estrés, ansiedad y depresión. El afrontamiento religioso es una vía para entender y enfrentarse a eventos negativos en la vida que están relacionados con lo sagrado. Existen diversos estudios de asociación entre el afrontamiento religioso y los niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la influencia del afrontamiento religioso sobre el estrés, ansiedad y depresión en los estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Andina del Cusco. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, en 317 estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Andina del Cusco. Se utilizó la Escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés (DASS-21) para medir los estados estresantes y la Escala abreviada de afrontamiento religioso (Brief RCOPE), para determinar niveles de afrontamiento religioso positivo y negativo. Para la expresión de los resultados se calcularon prevalencias y frecuencias, correlación de Spearman y chi cuadrado, valor de p y el IC al 95%. Se incluyó a todos los estudiantes de Medicina que dieron su consentimiento informado y que cursaron de manera regular el ciclo académico 2020-I. Resultados: el 51,5% fueron del sexo femenino. El promedio de edad fue de 21,31 años. El 66,2% obtuvieron puntajes de depresión-moderada, severa o extremadamente-severa, el 70,9% obtuvo puntajes de ansiedad-moderada, severa o extremadamente-severa y el 42,3% presentó estrés-moderado, severo o extremadamente-severo. El afrontamiento religioso negativo tuvo una relación positiva muy significativa con el estrés, ansiedad y depresión. Interpretación: el afrontamiento religioso negativo se asoció significativa (<0,001) y positivamente con el estrés (0,252), ansiedad (0,304) y depresión (0,357), con una potencia alta (>0,5). El estudio tiene implicaciones clínicas y de salud pública.(AU)

Background: Medical students present with elevated levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Religious coping is an avenue for understanding and coping with negative life events that are related to the sacred. There are several studies of association between religious coping and levels of stress, anxiety and depression. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of religious coping on stress, anxiety and depression in medical students of the Universidad Andina del Cusco. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study in 317 medical students of the Universidad Andina del Cusco. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to measure stressful states and the Abbreviated Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE) to determine levels of positive and negative religious coping. For the expression of the results, prevalence and frequencies, Spearman's correlation and chi-square, p-value and 95% CI were calculated. All medical students who gave their informed consent and who regularly attended the 2020-I academic year were included. Results: Of the participants, 51.5% were female. Mean age was 21.31 years. The 66.2% obtained scores of depression-moderate, severe or extremely-severe, 70.9% obtained scores of anxiety-moderate, severe or extremely-severe and 42.3% presented stress-moderate, severe or extremely-severe. Negative religious coping had a highly significant positive relationship with stress, anxiety and depression. Interpretation: Negative religious coping was significantly (<0.001) and positively associated with stress (0.252), anxiety (0.304) and depression (0.357), with high power (>0.5). The study has clinical and public health implications.(AU)

Early childhood intervention practitioners’ competence and confidence appraisals using recommended practices and relationship with parent involvement / Competencia y confianza profesional en atención temprana en el uso de prácticas recomendadas y su relación con la involucración parental

La involucración parental es un componente importante de las prácticas recomendadas en atención temprana (AT). Sin embargo, la forma en que los padres son involucradosen la intervención temprana de sus hi-jos difiere considerablemente entre los profesionales. En este sentido, la investigación actual muestra que el juicio de los profesionales en relación a su competencia y confianza influye el uso de prácticas de AT. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron (1) adaptar y validar la Early Childhood Intervention Practitioner Competence and Confidence Scale para su uso en España, (2) examinar las propiedades psicométricas de esta escala, (3) comparar las creencias de los profesionales en relación a su competencia y confianza en el uso de prácticas recomendadas, y (4) analizar la relación entre estas creencias y el juicio de los profesionales sobre la involucración parental en AT. A este fin, se contó con una muestra española de 130 profesionales de AT. Los resultados indicaron que la escala es un instrumento válido y fiable para medir la competencia y confianza profesional en el uso de seis prácti-cas recomendadas de AT en el contexto español. El juicio de los profesio-nales respecto a su competencia y confianza difirió entre las diversas prác-ticas recomendadas. Se encontraron correlaciones positivas y significativas entre las valoraciones de competencia y confianza de los profesionales y sus juicios sobre la involucración parental. Estos resultados muestran que una elevada competencia y confianza en el uso de diferentes tipos de prác-ticas recomendadas en AT está relacionada con una mayor involucración parental en la participación activa del niño en su aprendizaje y desarrollo en actividades cotidianas. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas y de investigación.(AU)

Parent involvement in early childhood intervention (ECI) is considered an important component of recommended ECI practices. However, how parents are involved in their child’s early intervention dif-fers considerably between ECI practitioners. Current research indicates that practitioners’ competence and confidence appraisals influence the use of ECI practices. The purposes of this study were to (1) adapt and validate the Early Childhood Intervention Practitioner Competence and Confi-dence Scale for use in Spain, (2) examine the psychometric properties of the scale, (3) compare practitioners’ beliefs about their competence and confidence in using recommended ECI practices, and (4) evaluate the rela-tionship between belief appraisals and practitioners’ judgmentsof parent involvement in ECI. The sample included 130 Spanish ECI practitioners. The results indicated that the scale is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring practitioners’ competence and confidence in using six ECI-recommended practices in Spain. Practitioners’ appraisals of competence and confidence, however, differed across the recommended practices. Sig-nificant positive correlations were found between the practitioners’ ap-praisals of competence and confidence and their judgments of parent in-volvement. These results show that a strong sense of competence and con-fidence in using different kinds of ECI-recommended practices is related to increased parent involvement in active child participation in learning and development in everyday activities. Research and practical implications are discussed.(AU)

Actitudes, conocimiento y percepción del personal asistencial de centros geriátricos de larga duración sobre las expresiones sexuales de los residentes. Revisión sistemática / Attitudes, knowledge and perceptions of care staff in long-term care homes about residents’ sexual expressions. Systematic review

Las manifestaciones sexuales de los residentes de centros geriátricos de larga duración no suelen tenerse en cuenta e incluso son desalentadas por el personal asistencial. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática sobre las actitudes, los conocimientos y las percepciones del personal asistencial sobre dichas manifestaciones sexuales. Tras la consulta en distintas bases de datos, 10 artículos científicos publicados entre 2012 y 2022 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión para formar parte de dicha revisión. Este trabajo ha permitido conocer y estructurar la insuficiente literatura científica referida a esta área concreta de la sexualidad en adultos mayores. Se concluye que existe escasa literatura científica y que las áreas revisadas son determinantes en el cuidado diario de adultos mayores institucionalizados. Ampliar en este campo de estudio permitirá crear programas de formación y afrontamiento de las conductas sexuales de los mayores institucionalizados por parte del personal asistencial. (AU)

The sexual manifestations of residents in long-term care facilities are often overlooked and even discouraged by care staff. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of caregivers’ attitudes, knowledge and perceptions of sexual expression. After consulting different databases, ten scientific articles published between 2012 and 2022 met the inclusion criteria to form part of this review. This work has made it possible to identify and structure the insufficient scientific literature on this specific area of sexuality in older adults. It is concluded that there is scarce scientific literature and that the areas reviewed are determinant in the daily care of institutionalised older adults. Expanding in this field of study will allow the creation of training programmes and the creation of programmes for the care staff to deal with the sexual behaviour of institutionalised older adults. (AU)

The effect of interventional program underpinned by health belief model on awareness, attitude, and performance of nurses in preventing nosocomial infections: A randomized controlled trial study / Efecto de un programa de intervención basado en el modelo de creencias en salud sobre el conocimiento, la actitud y el desempeño del personal de enfermería en la prevención de las infecciones intrahospitalarias. Ensayo controlado aleatorizado / Efeito de um programa de intervenção baseado no modelo de crenças em saúde no conhecimento, atitude e atuação da equipe de enfermagem na prevenção de infecções hospitalares. Teste controlado e aleatório

Objective. The present study examined the effect of an interventional program underpinned by the Health Belief Model (HBM) on nurses' awareness, attitude, and performance in preventing nosocomialinfections.Methods. This randomized controlled trial study was performed on 60 clinical nurses in lar, Iran. Nurses were selected using the simple random sampling method and assigned to two experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. Data collection tool included the valid and reliable questionnaire was developed by Soleimani et al. The research intervention consisted of five 90-min sessions based on the health belief model in preventing hospital infection for experimental group. Before the intervention, immediately and two months after the intervention, the two groups completed the questionnaire. The control group received no intervention. Results. Data analysis showed that the differences between the two groups was statistically significant immediately and two months after the intervention (p<0.05). In experimental group the changes in the mean score of knowledge, attitude and performance of nurses before, immediately and two months after the intervention were significant (p<0.05), but in the control group, only the changes in the mean score of performance were significant (p<0.05). Conclusion. The results showed that the HBM-based intervention is effective in promoting nurses' knowledge, attitude, and performance in preventing nosocomialinfections. hence, periodical and in-service HBM-based training programs on preventing nosocomialinfections are recommended to be held for nurses.

Objetivo. El presente estudio examinó el efecto de un programa de intervención basado en el modelo de creencias en salud (Health Belief Model -HBM-, en inglés sobre el conocimiento, la actitud y el desempeño de las enfermeras en la prevención de las infecciones intrahospitalarias. Métodos. Este ensayo controlado aleatorizado se realizó en 60 enfermeras clínicas de lar, Irán. Las enfermeras fueron seleccionadas mediante el método de muestreo aleatorio simple y asignadas a dos grupos experimental (n=30) y de control (n=30). La herramienta para la recogida de datos incluyó el cuestionario válido y fiable desarrollado por Soleimani et al.La intervención consistió en cinco sesiones de 90 minutos basadas en el modelo de creencias de salud para prevenir la infección intrahospitalaria en el grupo experimental. Antes de la intervención, inmediatamente y dos meses después de la intervención, los dos grupos completaron el cuestionario. El grupo de control no recibió ninguna intervención. Resultados. El análisis de los datos mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos en los momentos inmediatamente y dos meses después de la intervención (p<0.05). En el grupo experimental, los cambios en la puntuación media de conocimientos, actitudes y rendimiento de las enfermeras se observaron en los momentos de antes, inmediatamente y dos meses después de la intervención (p<0.05); mientras que en el grupo de control solamente los cambios en la puntuación media de desempeño fueron significativos (p<0.05). Conclusión. Los resultados mostraron que la intervención basada en HBM fue eficaz para promover el conocimiento, la actitud y el rendimiento de las enfermeras en la prevención de las infecciones intrahospitalaria, por lo que se recomienda impartir a las enfermeras programas de formación periódicos y en servicio basados en HBM sobre la prevención de las infecciones intrahospitalarias.

Objetivo. Examinar o efeito de um programa de intervenção baseado no Modelo de Crenças em Saúde (MBH) no conhecimento, atitude e desempenho dos enfermeiros na prevenção de infecções hospitalares. Métodos. Este ensaio clínico randomizado foi conduzido em 60 enfermeiras clínicas de lar, Irã. Os enfermeiros foram selecionados pelo método de amostragem aleatória simples e distribuídos em dois grupos experimental (n=30) e controle (n=30). O instrumento de coleta de dados incluiu o questionário válido e confiável desenvolvido por Soleimani et al. A intervenção consistiu em cinco sessões de 90 minutos baseadas no modelo de crenças em saúde para prevenir infecção hospitalar no grupo experimental. Antes, imediatamente e dois meses após a intervenção, ambos os grupos responderam ao questionário. O grupo controle não recebeu nenhuma intervenção. Resultados.A análise dos dados mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os dois grupos imediatamente e dois meses após a intervenção (p<0.05). No grupo experimental foram observadas alterações na pontuação média de conhecimentos, atitudes e desempenho dos enfermeiros antes, imediatamente e dois meses após a intervenção (p<0.05); enquanto no grupo controle apenas as alterações na pontuação média de desempenho foram significativas (p<0.05). Conclusão.Os resultados demonstraram que a intervenção baseada no HBM foi eficaz na promoção do conhecimento, atitude e desempenho dos enfermeiros na prevenção de infecções hospitalares, pelo que se recomenda proporcionar aos enfermeiros este tipo de programas de formação em serviço baseados no HBM.

The role of dissociation-related beliefs about memory in trauma-focused treatment.

OBJECTIVE: Dysfunctional cognitions play a central role in the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However the role of specific dissociation-related beliefs about memory has not been previously investigated. This study aimed to investigate the role of dissociation-related beliefs about memory in trauma-focused treatment. It was hypothesized that patients with the dissociative subtype of PTSD would show higher levels of dissociation-related beliefs, dissociation-related beliefs about memory would decrease after trauma-focused treatment, and higher pre-treatment dissociation-related beliefs would be associated with fewer changes in PTSD symptoms. METHOD: Post-traumatic symptoms, dissociative symptoms, and dissociation-related beliefs about memory were assessed in a sample of patients diagnosed with PTSD (n = 111) or the dissociative subtype of PTSD (n = 61). They underwent intensive trauma-focused treatment consisting of four or eight consecutive treatment days. On each treatment day, patients received 90 min of individual prolonged exposure (PE) in the morning and 90 min of individual eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in the afternoon. The relationship between dissociation-related beliefs about memory and the effects of trauma-focused treatment was investigated. RESULTS: Dissociation-related beliefs about memory were significantly associated with PTSD and its dissociative symptoms. In addition, consistent with our hypothesis, patients with the dissociative subtype of PTSD scored significantly higher on dissociation-related beliefs about memory pre-treatment than those without the dissociative subtype. Additionally, the severity of these beliefs decreased significantly after trauma-related treatment. Contrary to our hypothesis, elevated dissociation-related beliefs did not negatively influence treatment outcome. CONCLUSION: The results of the current study suggest that dissociation-related beliefs do not influence the outcome of trauma-focused treatment, and that trauma-focused treatment does not need to be altered specifically for patients experiencing more dissociation-related beliefs about memory because these beliefs decrease in association with treatment.

This study investigated the role of dissociation-related beliefs about memory on trauma-focused treatment.Dissociation-related beliefs were related to post-traumatic and dissociative symptoms, and were especially prominent in patients with the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder.Dissociation-related beliefs about memory do not impact the effectiveness of trauma-focused treatment. In fact, trauma-focused treatment effectively decreased these beliefs, suggesting that dissociation-related beliefs about memory should not be a determining factor in withholding patients from receiving trauma-focused therapy.

The effects of health belief model-based intervention on nurses' sterilizing practices when moistening surgical instruments.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of the Health Belief Model (HBM)-based intervention on nurses' behaviors in terms of keeping surgical instruments moist. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre- and post-training surveys about instrument moistening were conducted with the same 356 nurses from a hospital in China. Both of the surveys contained questionnaire concerning general knowledge relating to instrument moistening, perception scale-based questions concerning the same issue, and an inspection form concerning the implementation of moistening procedures. Three months' training was provided for the nurses. RESULTS: After training, the nurses' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors for instrument moistening were improved. CONCLUSIONS: The HBM-based intervention can bring about a significant improvement in nurses' compliance with surgical instrument moistening requirements, and corresponding improvements in instrument cleanliness and patient safety.

OBJETIVO: Investigar los efectos de la intervención basada en el modelo de creencias de salud en los comportamientos de las enfermeras en términos de mantener húmedos los instrumentos quirúrgicos. MÉTODO: Se realizaron encuestas previas y posteriores a la capacitación sobre la humectación de instrumentos con las mismas 356 enfermeras de un hospital en China. Ambas encuestas contenían un cuestionario sobre el conocimiento general relacionado con la humectación del instrumento, preguntas basadas en escalas de percepción sobre el mismo tema y un formulario de inspección sobre la implementación de los procedimientos de humectación. Se proporcionó una formación de 3 meses a las enfermeras. RESULTADOS: Después de la capacitación se mejoraron los conocimientos, las actitudes, las creencias y los comportamientos de las enfermeras para la humectación del instrumento. CONCLUSIONES: La intervención basada en el modelo de creencias en salud puede generar una mejora significativa en el cumplimiento de los requisitos de humectación del instrumental quirúrgico por parte de las enfermeras, y las correspondientes mejoras en la limpieza del instrumental y la seguridad del paciente.

The social perspective of euthanasia in Spain:variables that predict attitudes towards euthanasia / La perspectiva social de la eutanasia en España: variables relacionadas con las actitudes hacia la eutanasia

El debate sobre si la eutanasia debe ser o no una práctica legal está presente en la sociedad española desde los años 90. Recientemente, el gobierno español ha aprobado la Ley Orgánica 3/2021 sobre la regulación de la eutanasia. En relación con esta cuestión, que ha suscitado y sigue suscitando polémica tanto en la opinión pública como en el mundo político y jurídico, este trabajo explora la relación de las diferentes variables con las actitudes del público español hacia la eutanasia. Para ello, participaron en el estudio 182 personas residentes en España. Los resultados indican que no existen diferencias en cuanto a la edad o el sexo de los participantes en sus actitudes hacia la eutanasia. Las personas creyentes (independientemente de la religión) tienen actitudes menos favorables hacia la eutanasia que las personas no creyentes. La orientación política también se relaciona con las actitudes hacia la eutanasia. Finalmente, la confianza en el sistema de salud del país y la preocupación empática de las personas también está relacionada con sus actitudes hacia la eutanasia. La eutanasia acaba de aprobarse en España y se empieza a poner en práctica, es de vital importancia considerar la perspectiva social de la eutanasia.(AU)

The debate surrounding whether or not euthanasia should be a legal practice has been present in Spanish society since the 90’s. Recently, the Spanish government has passed Organic Law 3/2021 on the regulation of euthanasia. In relation to this question, which has raised and continues to raise controversy among both public opinion and the political and legal world, this work explores the relation of the different variables to the atti-tudes of the Spanish public towards euthanasia. For this purpose, 182 peo-ple residing in Spain took part in the study. The results indicate that there are no differences with regard to the age or gender of the participants in their attitudes towards euthanasia. Those who hold religious beliefs (irre-spective of their religion) hold less favourable attitudes towards euthanasia than non-believers. Political orientation also relates to attitudes towards eu-thanasia. Finally, trustin the country’s health system and people’s empathic concern is also related to their attitudes towards euthanasia. At this point in time, when euthanasia has only just been regulated and starts to be put into practice in this country, it is of vital importance to consider the social perspective of euthanasia.(AU)

Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Workers’ Production of Safe Food / Aplicando la teoría de la conducta planificada para entender la producción de alimentos seguros por los trabajadores

Recent outbreaks of food related illness have brought greater attention to protecting food from contamination. Psychological approaches to behaviors during food processing can contribute to workers’ efforts to keep food safe and avoiding contamination. This study examines the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting self-reported food safety behaviors of turkey-processing workers. Consistent with the TPB, this study suggests that attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and behavior intention play important roles in understanding how to prevent foodborne contamination. Results also show that background factors, specifically gender, may be important in applying the TPB in specific work settings. Accordingly, salient beliefs that workers hold about food safety play a crucial role in understanding how workers’ behaviors can be aligned with the need to keep food safe and provide guidance for ways in which behaviors in organization can be modified to achieve desired outcomes.(AU)

Brotes recientes de enfermedades relacionadas con los alimentos han atraído una mayor atención a proteger los alimentos de la contaminación. Aproximaciones psicológicas a las conductas durante el procesamiento de alimentos pueden contribuir a los esfuerzos de los trabajadores para mantener seguros los alimentos y evitar la contaminación. Este estudio examina la efectividad de la teoría de la conducta planificada (TCP) para predecir conductas de seguridad alimenticia autoinformadas de trabajadores de procesamiento de pavo. Consistente con la TCP, este estudio sugiere que la actitud hacia la conducta, la norma subjetiva, el control percibido de la conducta y la intención conductual juegan roles importantes para entender cómo prevenir contaminación con origen en los alimentos. Los resultados también muestran que los antecedentes personales, particularmente el género, pueden ser importantes para aplicar la TCP en contextos laborales específicos. Por ello, las conductas más prominentes de los trabajadores sobre la seguridad alimentaria juegan un rol crucial para entender cómo pueden alinearse las conductas de los trabajadores con la necesidad de mantener seguros los alimentos y proporcionan orientación sobre cómo pueden modificarse las conductas en la organización para lograr los resultados deseados.(AU)

Impacto de las Creencias Conspirativas en la Intención de Vacunación contra el COVID-19 en Adultos Mexicanos / Impact of Conspiracy beliefs on the Intention to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in Mexican Adults

Resumen Pese a los esfuerzos de las autoridades sanitarias, la presencia de información falsa o poco certera ha provocado que un porcentaje de la población mexicana se encuentra reticente a recibir la vacuna contra el COVID-19. De este modo el objetivo del presente estudio es determinar en adultos mexicanos el rol mediador de las creencias negativas sobre la vacuna y la percepción de riesgo en la relación de las creencias conspirativas y la intención de vacunación contra el COVID-19. Se realizó un estudio transversal en el que se aplicaron las escalas mediante una plataforma en línea. Las hipótesis fueron probadas mediante la técnica multivariada de análisis de senderos. Los resultados indican que las creencias conspirativas predijeron directamente menor intención de vacunación, asimismo, esta relación se encuentra parcialmente mediada por las creencias negativas sobre la vacuna y la percepción de riesgo. Los hallazgos sugieren que la adhesión a creencias conspirativas sobre el origen del CO-VID-19 favorecen el desarrollo de temor a los efectos secundarios de la vacuna y la reducción de la percepción de riesgo, convirtiéndose así, en la principal barrera de la intención de vacunación contra el COVID-19.

Abstract Despite the efforts of the health authorities, the presence of false or inaccurate information has caused a percentage of the Mexican population to be reluctant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Thus, the objective of the present study is to determine in Mexican adults the mediating role of negative beliefs about the vaccine and the perception of risk in the relationship between conspiracy beliefs and the intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which the scales were applied through an online platform. The hypotheses were tested using the multivariate trail analysis technique. The results indicate that conspiratorial beliefs directly predicted less vaccination intention, likewise, this relationship is partially mediated by negative beliefs about the vaccine and the perception of risk. The findings suggest that adherence to conspiracy beliefs about the origin of COVID-19 favor the development of fear of vaccine side effects and reduced risk perception, thus becoming the main barrier to vaccination intention against the COVID-19.

[Attitudes, knowledge and perceptions of care staff in long-term care homes about residents' sexual expressions. Systematic review]. / Actitudes, conocimiento y percepción del personal asistencial de centros geriátricos de larga duración sobre las expresiones sexuales de los residentes. Revisión sistemática.

The sexual manifestations of residents in long-term care facilities are often overlooked and even discouraged by care staff. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of caregivers' attitudes, knowledge and perceptions of sexual expression. After consulting different databases, ten scientific articles published between 2012 and 2022 met the inclusion criteria to form part of this review. This work has made it possible to identify and structure the insufficient scientific literature on this specific area of sexuality in older adults. It is concluded that there is scarce scientific literature and that the areas reviewed are determinant in the daily care of institutionalised older adults. Expanding in this field of study will allow the creation of training programmes and the creation of programmes for the care staff to deal with the sexual behaviour of institutionalised older adults.

Public attitudes and intentions toward engaging in reintroduction of wolves to Japan.

Reintroducing apex predators is an important approach in ecosystem restoration; however, it is challenging. Wolves (Canis lupus) were exterminated in Japan around 1900, and since then, there has been a lack of top predators throughout the country. Currently, the wild ungulate population is increasing, causing agricultural and forest damage. This has triggered an ongoing debate among researchers and nongovernmental organizations on whether wolves should be reintroduced to promote self-regulating biodiverse ecosystems. We conducted a nationwide survey to examine public attitudes toward wolf reintroduction (WR) in Japan. We sent online questionnaires to 88,318 citizens across the country. Among the 12,028 respondents, excluding those with invalid or incomplete answers and unqualified respondents, we obtained and analyzed 7500 responses that were representative of Japanese citizens in terms of some key sociodemographic attributes. More respondents disagreed with WR (39.9%) than agreed (17.1%), and many respondents (43.0%) were undecided. Structural equation modeling revealed that risk perceptions affected public attitudes, implying that the greater the perceived threat of wolf attacks, the less likely people are to support WR. In contrast, attitudes toward wolves (e.g., "I like wolves.") influenced by wildlife value orientation and beliefs about the ecological role of wolves (e.g., controlling deer populations) positively affected public attitudes toward WR. Those who had a positive attitude toward WR showed intentions to engage in behaviors that support WR. Our results suggest that the dissemination of information related to the ecological role of wolves and the development of a more mutualistic mindset in people could positively influence public support for WR in Japan.

Actitudes e intenciones públicas respecto a la reintroducción de lobos en Japón Resumen La reintroducción de superdepredadores es una estrategia importante para la restauración de los ecosistemas; sin embargo, representa muchos retos. Los lobos (Canis lupus) fueron exterminados en Japón alrededor de 1900 y desde entonces no ha habido superdepredadores en el país. Hoy en día, la población silvestre de ungulados está incrementando y ocasionando daño agrícola y forestal. Esto ha detonado un debate entre los investigadores y las organizaciones no gubernamentales sobre si se debiesen reintroducir lobos para promover ecosistemas biodiversos autorregulados. Realizamos una encuesta nacional para analizar las actitudes públicas respecto a la reintroducción de lobos (RL) en Japón. Enviamos 88,318 cuestionarios virtuales a ciudadanos de todo el país. De los 12,028 respondientes, excluyendo a aquellos con respuestas inválidas o incompletas y a los respondientes no calificados, obtuvimos y analizamos 7500 respuestas representativas del ciudadano japonés en términos de algunas características sociodemográficas importantes. Hubo más respondientes en contra (39.9%) que a favor (17.1%) de la RL y todavía más respondientes (43.0%) no estaban decididos. El modelo de ecuación estructural reveló que las percepciones de riesgo impactaron sobre las actitudes públicas, lo que implica que entre mayor sea la amenaza percibida de los ataques de lobos, es menos probable que la gente apoye la RL. Como contraste, la orientación del valor de la fauna que influyó sobre las actitudes (p. ej.: "me gustan los lobos") y las creencias sobre el papel ecológico de los lobos (p. ej.: controlar las poblaciones de venados) tuvieron un impacto positivo en las actitudes respecto a la RL. Quienes tuvieron una actitud positiva respecto a la RL mostraron intenciones de apoyarla. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la divulgación de información relacionada con el papel ecológico de los lobos y el desarrollo de una mentalidad más mutualista en las personas podrían influir positivamente en el apoyo público para la RL en Japón.

The relationship between social acknowledgment and prolonged grief symptoms: a multiple mediation effect of beliefs about the goodness and controllability of grief-related emotions.

Background: Social acknowledgment is a protective factor for survivors of trauma. However, the role of social acknowledgment in association with prolonged grief symptoms has not yet been established.Objectives: The current study aims to explore the relationship between social acknowledgment and prolonged grief via two beliefs foundational to how people think about grief-related emotions (1) goodness (i.e. whether emotions are desirable, useful, or unwanted and harmful), and (2) controllability (i.e. whether emotions are regulated according to our will or involuntary, arising of their own accord). These effects were explored in two different cultural samples of bereaved people.Methods: One hundred and fifty-four German-speaking and two hundred and sixty-two Chinese bereaved people who lost their loved ones completed questionnaires assessing social acknowledgment, beliefs about the goodness and controllability of grief-related emotions, and prolonged grief symptoms.Results: Correlation analyses showed that social acknowledgment was positively linked with stronger beliefs about the goodness and controllability of grief-related emotions and negatively related to prolonged grief symptoms. Beliefs about the goodness and controllability of grief-related emotions correlated negatively with prolonged grief symptoms. Multiple mediation analyses suggested that beliefs about the controllability and goodness of grief-related emotions mediated the link between social acknowledgment and prolonged grief symptoms. Cultural groups did not moderate the above model.Conclusion: Social acknowledgment may be related to bereavement adjustment consequences via the roles of beliefs about the goodness and controllability of grief-related emotions. These effects seem to be consistent cross-culturally.

Social acknowledgment correlated positively with stronger beliefs about the goodness and controllability of grief-related emotions and negatively with prolonged grief symptoms.Beliefs about the goodness and controllability of grief-related emotions were negatively linked with prolonged grief symptoms.Beliefs about the controllability and goodness of grief-related emotions mediated the relationship between social acknowledgment and prolonged grief symptoms. The model presented cross-cultural consistency.

Identifying Preservice Teachers’ Belief Profiles and their Performance in a Web-based Training for Writing Instruction / [La identificación de los perfiles de creencias de maestros y maestras en formación y su desempeño en un programa web de enseñanza de la escritura]

This research aims to fill the need to provide writing education to preservice teachers by using web-based instruction. The novel contribution of this work lies in the consideration of beliefs as a methodological prerequisite when measuring the effects of a web-based program. For this purpose, latent profile analysis was conducted to explore unique profiles of preservice teachers’ beliefs about writing before the web-based instruction. Participants were classified into three profiles: eclectic profile (n = 129), socio-cultural profile (n = 85), and person-environment profile (n = 105). Linear mixed-effects models were employed to assess if belief profiles experienced changes in beliefs and knowledge after the training. Results showed that belief profiles differed from each other in the degree of attribution of the different beliefs but remarkably all of them experienced significant differences in content knowledge acquisition. Finally, educational implications for preservice teachers’ education are highlighted.(AU)

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo cubrir la necesidad de proporcionar formación en la enseñanza de la escritura a maestros y maestras en formación mediante el uso de un programa web. La aportación novedosa de este trabajo radica en la consideración de las creencias como prerrequisito metodológico a la hora de medir los efectos de un programa web. Con este fin, antes de la instrucción web se realizó un análisis de perfiles latentes con el fin de explorar perfiles únicos de creencias sobre la escritura en maestros y maestras en formación. Se clasificó a los participantes en tres perfiles: perfil ecléctico (n = 129), sociocultural (n = 85) y persona-ambiente (n = 105). Se emplearon modelos mixtos lineales para evaluar si los perfiles de creencias experimentaban cambios en las creencias y el conocimiento después de la formación. Los resultados muestran que los perfiles de creencias difieren entre si en el grado de atribución de las diferentes creencias, pero todos ellos experimentan diferencias significativas en la adquisición del conocimiento de contenidos. Finalmente, se destacan las implicaciones educativas para la formación de futuros docentes.(AU)

Depression, suicide ideation, and irrational beliefs: Explanatory models in psychology students / Depresión, ideación suicida y creencias irracionales: modelos explicativos en estudiantes de psicología

Abstract Introduction In rational emotive behavioral therapy, irrational beliefs are significant in mental health since their presence leads to conditions such as depression and suicidal ideation. Since these conditions have been increasing worldwide, it is essential to explore the factors that contribute to their understanding. Objective To design explanatory models for depression and suicidal ideation based on irrational beliefs in psychology students. Method Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study with multivariate analysis. Results Two explanatory models were designed: one for depression and the other for suicidal ideation. Thirty-nine per cent of depressive symptomatology can be explained by the presence of irrational beliefs concerning perfectionism, avoidance of responsibilities, concern over the future, and the determinism of the past. At the same time, 54% of suicidal ideation can be explained by the presence of beliefs centering on perfectionism, avoidance of responsibilities, external locus of control, and the determinism of the past. Discussion and conclusion Depression and suicidal ideation in psychology students can partly be explained by irrational beliefs concerning perfectionism, external locus of control, concern over the future, avoidance of responsibilities, and the determinism of the past. Clinical care approaches can modify these beliefs to reduce symptoms and promote mental health.

Resumen Introducción Para la terapia racional emotiva conductual las creencias irracionales tienen un gran peso en la salud mental, ya que la presencia de estas genera padecimientos como depresión e ideación suicida. Se sabe que en el mundo estos padecimientos han ido en aumento, por ello, es importante explorar factores que faciliten su explicación. Objetivo Generar modelos explicativos para la depresión y la ideación suicida desde las creencias irracionales en estudiantes de psicología. Método Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal con análisis multivariado. Resultados Se realizaron modelos explicativos; uno para la depresión y otro para ideación suicida. La sintomatología depresiva se explica en 39% con la presencia de creencias irracionales de perfeccionismo, evitación de responsabilidades, preocupación por el futuro y determinismo del pasado. Por otro lado, la ideación suicida se explica en 54% con la presencia de las creencias de perfeccionismo, evitación de responsabilidades, locus de control externo y determinismo del pasado. Discusión y conclusión La depresión e ideación suicida en estudiantes de psicología se puede explicar en parte por creencias irracionales de perfeccionismo, locus de control externo, preocupación por el futuro, evitación de responsabilidades y determinismo del pasado. A través de enfoques de atención clínica es factible modificar dichas creencias con el objetivo de disminuir sintomatología y promover la salud mental.